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Introduction

Paper maps were fine in their day–but like the wind-up sentry, the tube TV, and creepo windows in cars, they're past their prime.

Today's navigation tool, the portable GPS device, can practise things that paper maps are incapable of, such as automatically showing your verbal location anywhere on the world, providing precise turn-by-turn instructions on how to drive from any Indicate A to whatever Point B, identifying where the nearest gas and coffee stores are, and warning y'all when traffic bug make a detour highly advisable. (PC World has reviewed and ranked 5 of this season's top GPS devices.)

It's like having MapQuest right on your dashboard or in your pocket. When yous're venturing into alien territory, a GPS device can give you greater security and confidence than y'all'll always become from paper.

You can find GPS capabilities in a diversity of products today, including many smart phones. Purchasing a GPS-capable telephone (and a subscription to your carrier's GPS service) can be a less-expensive alternative to buying a stand-solitary GPS device. Only this guide will focus on defended GPS devices, including those designed for in-car use and those that are primarily for hiking and outdoor activities.

Nosotros strongly propose you to read the entire guide so that you can effigy out which type is most suitable for your purposes; merely if you want to jump right in, you lot can find an array of excellent GPS products here.

Earlier You Buy

The prices of GPS devices vary widely, depending mostly on the units' screen size and features. Some auto models with pocket-sized screens and basic mapping features price effectually $100, while top-of-the-line models with big screens, multimedia capabilities, and fifty-fifty Internet connectivity can top $500. Simple handheld GPS models with 3.5-inch screens and basic features start at nearly $100; high-end models with more-sensitive receivers, bigger screens (4.iii inches and up), integrated traffic service, Bluetooth connectivity, and the ability to connect to your car stereo can cost as much as $600.

Before buying a GPS model, ask yourself the post-obit questions:

How often and how far will I travel? If y'all tend to have short trips, repeat the aforementioned commute, and need directions only occasionally, buy a GPS device in the $100-to-$250 price range. As exciting every bit GPS may seem in theory, you demand to effigy out whether you lot'll use it enough to justify the price.

If you expect to utilise it daily (for sales calls, for instance) and you have complicated travel itineraries, you lot'll find that a GPS unit of measurement chop-chop becomes indispensable. In that case, buy the best one y'all can beget.

Where will I adhere it in my vehicle? Though car GPS devices are meant for mounting in your vehicle, actually doing that may not be piece of cake.

Almost car GPS kits include a mounting bracket with a suction cup designed to stick to your windshield or a flat surface on your nuance. The catch is that in some states (including California) windshield mounts are illegal. Another problem: Not all dashboards are flat, and many have pebbly surfaces that prevent suction-cup mounts from adhering to them. Some GPS kits include a flat disc that is designed to adhere to your nuance, allowing the suction cup to stick.

Some other option is a mountain that fits into the air-vent grille in your dashboard. Simply these, too, can exist problematic considering the mountain and the unit will block at least some of the airflow from the vent. Furthermore, lite though most units are, they may be also heavy for a vent mountain to support steadily.

Another approach is to hold the mount with weighted beanbags, but you'll need a apartment, horizontal surface to place them on.

How critical are frequent map updates? If you expect to utilize your GPS device primarily to notice convenient java shops during occasional travels (or retail outlets that you've never visited before), working with less-than-upwards-to-the-minute mapping data is probably okay. On the other mitt, if getting from one place to another on time is essential, you'll desire to update your mapping information as often as possible, fifty-fifty if you lot have to pay for it.

How GPS Works

The Global Positioning Organisation–the technological underpinning of all GPS devices–is composed of orbiting satellites (which transmit fourth dimension and position signals) and GPS receivers (land-, bounding main-, or air-based devices such equally the handheld or car-mounted GPS units that consumers use) that mathematically calculate their electric current location based on data from the satellites. The system works nonstop, anywhere on the globe.

To provide an accurate prepare of your current location, the GPS device must have direct lines of sight to at least iii satellites in the sky. Then if you're hiking in a deep canyon of rock or driving through a deep tunnel of concrete, your GPS device may brandish inaccurate location information, or neglect to identify your location at all. The more satellites a GPS unit sees, the more accurate its reckoning becomes. Nether those weather condition, a GPS device can give y'all a fairly authentic reading of your current altitude, which can be disquisitional if you're out in the wilds.

Like many technologies we take for granted, GPS began as advanced technology for the U.S. military machine. The system'due south precise positioning capabilities gave the armed forces a technological edge over their adversaries (and allies). When released for individual and commercial employ in the 1980s, GPS proved an firsthand boon to ships at sea, which until and so had relied on a 300-year-sometime technology, the sextant.

Personal and portable GPS units appeared in the early 1990s, when designers reduced GPS electronics to ane or two chips; miniaturized memory meant that the receiver and map information could reside in a box that would fit in your hand.

The ii most common types of portable GPS units are small-scale handhelds (typically used in the field) and models for your machine. Many in-car models have a pedestrian mode that lets them double every bit handhelds when you're walking city streets. Only at that place are many variations on the theme: A lot of today'southward smart phones include some sort of GPS capabilities. Companies likewise make models for boats, plus units for motorcycles, bicycles, and runners, likewise equally GPS PDAs, GPS sport watches, GPS walkie-talkies, and even units for tracking the movement of a hunting canis familiaris in the field.

Cardinal Features

Map coverage: Car GPS models sold in the United States typically include detailed street maps for the unabridged land, and many include maps for all of Due north America. And you can buy additional digital maps for various foreign lands. Nearly all of that electronic map data comes from 2 or iii primary sources, then the information is quite similar, regardless of which model yous purchase.

Handheld models are less homogeneous. Some can't display maps at all; instead they report your longitude and breadth, with a trail (or "track") of such coordinates to point where you've been. Others allow you lot load street maps and topographic maps, and a few can brandish downloaded satellite images. Maps tin be harder to read on the smaller screens that most handheld models have.

3D map view: Most car models can display map data in 3D map view, also chosen bird'southward-eye view. Equally you travel, the GPS map continually updates to show your electric current position and the surrounding terrain. Using a device that offers only a 2nd view is similar looking straight down at a 3-square-inch section of a typical newspaper map. A 3D view gives you a graphical representation of the view out of your windshield, only from an elevation of a couple hundred feet–something like a depression-altitude flight simulator. The resulting map is easier and faster to interpret while you are driving.

Plow-by-turn directions: The raison d'être for any automobile GPS unit, turn-past-plow directions prompt you lot visually and with spoken instructions regarding when to turn right, when to turn left, and when to get on or off a superhighway, from starting betoken to concluding destination. Today, most GPS units offering text-to-speech functionality, which means that they pronounce street names for you. (For example, instead of telling you only to turn left in 500 feet, the device will instruct you lot to plow left in 500 feet onto Elm Street.) Text-to-spoken language used to exist a high-end feature, but today it's more common on low-cost devices. You can detect some bare-bones units that lack text-to-spoken communication, but information technology'southward an extremely handy feature that's worth paying for.

Nearly units deliver spoken directions through their built-in speaker, which must have sufficient book and articulate audio to overcome vehicle noise. A few models include a brusque-range FM transmitter for sending voice prompts though your motorcar'southward audio organisation.

Virtually GPS devices accept touch screens, where you apply an on-screen keyboard to enter an address–usually with text that automatically fills as you enter the letters–and press the Get button. (Do not endeavour to do this while you're driving! Set up your trip before turning the ignition key.) Some newer units offer phonation-recognition capabilities that allow you to input your destinations by speaking. This characteristic lets yous make changes to your route while you're driving, just information technology doesn't always work well; don't rely on it.

The GPS device will take some seconds to calculate the route and signal you in the right direction on its digital map. When driving, you must get the directions conspicuously and in a timely fashion–not too early or too tardily, but at the appropriate moment so you lot can safely prepare and execute your alter in direction.

POIs: The points-of-interest characteristic consists of a database of locations and services–gas stations, hotels, parks, coffee shops, and so on–that you may want to consult during your travels. Most automobile GPS units accept millions of POIs in their database. But because businesses change even faster than roads do, POI lists tend to be less accurate than GPS street maps. Better POI lists provide phone numbers along with the names and locations of services.

Screen size and type: Screens on automobile GPS models more often than not range from about 3.five inches to seven inches diagonally. Don't be besides quick to dismiss a smallish display: A device with a well-designed screen and clear audio directions can work just fine. And models with smaller screens commonly toll far less than their big-screen counterparts. Large screens do take obvious advantages, however: Bigger maps, more room for travel data (speed, direction, street labels), and roomier virtual keyboards may justify the extra cost for you. The screens on handheld GPS devices tend to exist smaller. You won't find impact screens on many handheld GPS devices because the smaller screens make tapping less efficient; as a consequence, handhelds often accept far more complex controls.

Real-time traffic reports: Some GPS devices have the ability to receive existent-time traffic updates; they tin can come through a wireless data signal or over an FM transmission. Some GPS devices accept a built-in receiver for these services, while others will need an improver receiver. You may be required to pay a subscription fee for the traffic information, as well. Traffic tie-ups and structure-delay details announced on your GPS map, enabling you to avoid jams past choosing an alternating route. Some GPS models will automatically reroute you based on the traffic reports.

Lane aid/realistic road views: If you lot're driving in unfamiliar territory, the best spoken directions can still exist a bit confusing. Fortunately, more GPS devices at present have lane assist, in which the unit tells you which lane you should be in to ready for upcoming turns and exits. Similarly, many devices offer real-world images of the road–complete with replicas of the actual street signs–that announced near confusing intersections. With a quick glance at the screen, you lot can be assured that you're following the correct route.

Media card slots: GPS devices store all of their mapping and POI data in 1 of two means: on a born hard drive, or on wink memory cards, typically microSD cards. Difficult-drive models tend to be faster at calculating routes and searching for POIs, but media cards are more durable. Though hard-drive models don't crave a media card slot, some include it. The characteristic can be useful for updating maps and backing up addresses, likewise as for taking advantage of the actress multimedia features–such every bit a music thespian or photograph viewer–on some high-end GPS devices.

Channels: Channels determine the number of satellite signals the GPS tin can receive simultaneously. Low-cost models typically take 12 channels, while loftier-end models may accommodate up to 24. Roughly speaking, the greater the number of channels, the amend the device'southward accurateness.

Waypoints: Waypoints are specific geographic locations, described by longitude and breadth, that you lot have recorded in your GPS unit. Press the waypoint record button on your GPS at a trailhead, and you tin always find your mode back to your auto. Waypoints are rarely used with automobile GPS devices, merely they're essential for handheld models. Low-cost units will store relatively few waypoints; high-finish models will store hundreds, permit you lot to manage them within the GPS, and enable you to label them as yous wish.

Tracks: Another centerpiece of handheld navigation is the Tracks feature. As you lot walk or drive though the countryside, your GPS device records and displays a breadcrumb trail of where you've been. This process lets you easily backtrack to your starting point; some models also let you download your track to your PC and view your travels on a topographic map. Y'all can print out the map and the rails for a permanent record of your journey. As in the case of waypoints, low-terminate models offer limited track storage, while high-end models store many and permit you to identify them by adding custom names.

Other Important Features to Look For

Accuracy: Almost whatsoever GPS model sold today can display your location with astounding accuracy. Only streets and businesses modify, so the accurateness of that information depends on how upwards-to-date it is. A less-reputable GPS vendor could cutting the cost of its low-end products past providing outdated mapping data. Check whether the vendor provides regular map and POI updates, and how much they toll. Some vendors offer free updates for a fixed time, or fifty-fifty the lifetime of the device; others charge upward to $100 or and so for each update. Some GPS devices come with access to online communities where you tin share mapping information, and download data that other users accept provided.

Usability: Car GPS devices can be more distracting than a cell phone to a commuter. The maps must be readable at a quick glance, then they must have loftier-quality graphics and avert the clutter of nonessential information. For the same reason, the device's touch-screen controls must exist well organized and clearly labeled. Some vendors get in easy to add together an impromptu pit stop along the programmed route, but many practise not.

Cogitating screens: Bright, straight sunlight can overwhelm a GPS unit's built-in screen backlighting, rendering your maps unreadable. On better units, a cogitating coating behind the screen uses sunlight to burnish the display, enabling y'all to read your maps quickly in whatsoever lighting.

Mounting bracket kits: If yous plan to employ your GPS unit of measurement mostly in the car, look for a kit that includes a sturdy mounting bracket and both Air-conditioning and 12-volt power adapters.

Because some states ban the employ of windshield-mounted GPS devices, it's important to know your state'southward applicable rules before y'all purchase. The merchant selling you the device may exist able to provide you lot with an alternative mountain as necessary–possibly an air-vent mount or beanbag mount.

Power supply: GPS devices designed primarily for in-auto utilise plug into the automobile'due south 12-volt ability port. Out on the trail, still, a handheld GPS device with batteries is mandatory. For short trips, a model with built-in rechargeable batteries will practice. But if you accept to the hills for hours or days at a time, you should selection a unit of measurement that runs on replaceable AA or AAA batteries–preferably rechargeables. Small GPS units typically salve weight and space by using two AAA cells, but they may last for simply 4 or v hours on one set of batteries. Larger handhelds utilize upwards to four AA cells (which means more weight) simply run for as long as 12 hours per set.

Weight: If you expect never to use your GPS unit of measurement outside your auto, weight isn't an result. But the situation is quite different if you're the one carrying the device. Handheld models range in weight from a couple of ounces to nearly a pound–not counting the weight of extra batteries.

Dead reckoning: If you often drive in cities filled with tall buildings, GPS signals can be spotty, and your location accuracy may plummet. And of course, missing a turn because the GPS doesn't know exactly where you are can exist bad news. Some higher-end GPS models include a feature called dead reckoning, which uses interpolation to fill up in brief gaps caused by lapses in the GPS signals. The process involves estimating your speed and direction, and updating the map accordingly. But don't be surprised if its accuracy is poor.

Bluetooth: Many high-end (and even some midrange) GPS devices come with support for Bluetooth. This allows you lot to pair your GPS device with a compatible prison cell phone and brand easily-free calls using the GPS'southward speaker.

Music and video players: You lot won't be watching videos while driving, just you lot might want to listen to some tunes. Many high-cease GPS devices will play back music stored on a removable card. They may likewise show photos.

FM transmitter: Some GPS devices include an FM transmitter that allows you to reroute all of the audio–including the spoken directions and any music you instruct the device to play–to your automobile stereo.

XM Radio support: Support for XM Radio isn't essential for navigation, merely it'due south prissy to take when you're on the route for hours or days. XM Radio is a subscription service and is institute mostly in more-expensive GPS models.

Cyberspace connectivity: This feature is withal rare on GPS devices, just it tin can be convenient. It allows you to transport addresses to your GPS device via the Spider web and helps you find data specific to your location, such as gas prices.

What's Adjacent?

With GPS devices becoming more than pop, vendors are continuing to differentiate their products through adding and improving features. The increased contest means you'll find GPS devices that are cheaper than ever merely also do more than than e'er. Expect models with more and more extras–music and video players may be just the tip of the iceberg. Some loftier-cease features will trickle down to lower-toll devices, too. Most important, though, GPS devices will go along to become you where yous demand to go, planning your routes better than they did before.

PC Earth'southward Top five GPS Devices Chart